The best Side of CLBO Crystal
The best Side of CLBO Crystal
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On the other hand, so as to approach the crystal is incredibly advanced production techniques are required. Considering that the dawn of this crystal, working on this obstacle, we are now the only real business on the planet which can be processed in this crystal.
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According to the evidence-of-principle experiment, the conversion effectiveness of 23% implied the potential for achieving large-electric power at the 2nd Stokes wavelength of your Raman laser. If the pump laser of 1078 nm could possibly be received at the standard ability of fifty W, the output electric power of its 2nd Stokes wavelength at 1512 nm might be in excess of ten W. The look with the Raman laser cavity need to be optimized so as to steer clear of the problems with the M1 and diamond floor.
The typical energy from the NIR laser even now has the probable to get improved to tens of watts like 70 W [26] When the double-go configuration can be utilized with the Yb:YAG SCF amplifier stage. As a result, If your conversion efficiency of 31% from NIR to DUV could possibly be nonetheless managed at this greater electric power problem, the normal output energy of the DUV laser at 258 nm may be greater than twenty W, which would certainly be a impressive ability degree for that DUV laser and produce the unanticipated DUV laser machining final results. Additionally, for prime-electricity DUV laser, the UV hurt with the nonlinear crystal, including the windows for CLBO crystal along with the mirrors, is an additional critical parameter for long run and stable Procedure.
Then again, the beam quality of this better energy DUV laser would come to be worse as a consequence of extra significant thermal and nonlinear outcomes. Hence, the frequency conversion processes needs to be very carefully built to mitigate the aforementioned consequences. Consequently, a superior-electricity DUV laser within the FHG of one μm with a good beam top quality may very well be attained and may be effective for getting the shorter wavelength DUV lasers such as 193 nm by SFG.
Both of those the 1040 nm and 1078 nm laser originate from just one dual-wavelength Yb-doped fiber laser. Just about every laser is amplified by phases of fiber amplifier and Yb-doped components amplifier, respectively.
On the other facet, the ability scaling from the NIR laser is an additional factor to enhance the average energy from the 193-nm DUV laser. Due to insufficient the superior-power amplification Alternative of the NIR laser (such as at 1553 nm), nonlinear frequency processes including optical parameter oscillation (OPO) could possibly be applied to develop a wavelength converter by shifting the wavelength from 1 μm to the specified wavelength and also getting relative greater electricity [21]. A short while ago, a diamond Raman laser showed its capability in achieving a substantial ability in addition to a superior conversion performance at the 1st Stokes in the 1-μm laser [22,23], which means the possibility to generally be used during the 193-nm DUV laser technology on account of its superior Raman acquire and large frequency change.
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In the scientific and industrial purposes, the beam high quality of the DUV laser is likewise a crucial parameter. Significantly, the beam high quality in the DUV laser substantially has an effect on the laser machining outcomes. The beam top quality with the DUV laser is decided by that of the elemental laser as well as the crystal to the frequency conversion. Not too long ago, a significant-ability DUV laser (>10 W) at 258 nm was documented with a beam high quality of M2 < 1.5, which was generated by FHG of the Yb:YAG laser at 1030 nm using the CLBO crystal [thirteen]. This laser would cause an improved laser machining end result when compared to the past DUV lasers with much larger M2.
The heart beat length of the 2nd Stokes mild was shortened to 5 ns as revealed in Figure 7a, one-shot photo from the oscilloscope, and that is a common phenomenon in Raman laser [44] although the heart beat length with the pump laser was ten ns.
Also, combining the strong-state laser with other nonlinear method which include stimulated Raman scattering, NIR lasers may very well be obtained at new wavelengths with large electricity and significant beam quality, which was analyzed with the evidence-of-theory experiment. This Raman laser scheme offers a whole new route to the high-electricity DUV laser, Primarily within the wavelength of 193 nm.
Tunable ultraviolet laser resource depending on reliable-state dye laser technological know-how and CsLiB6O10 harmonic generation
The conversion performance from essential NIR to DUV is from five% to 36% based on the claimed brings about Desk one. Escalating the conversion efficiency will decrease the load on the design and setup of the basic laser amplifier in addition to the electric electric power use. A fantastic beam good quality of the fundamental laser may also lead for the rising from the conversion performance as well as the right electricity depth in the NIR and eco-friendly laser inside the SHG and FHG process, respectively. The very best conversion efficiencies from NIR to environmentally friendly and eco-friendly to DUV laser here by use of CLBO crystal are 70% and about fifty%, respectively [12], which corresponds towards the conversion efficiency of 35% from essential to DUV.
The development with the 193-nm laser was demonstrated by stages of SFG. To be able to scale the DUV laser energy properly, a whole new thought on the 193-nm DUV laser technology is presented based upon the diamond Raman laser.